Tipo e quantidade de atividade física e uso de dispositivos eletrónicos de estudantes do 7.◦ ao 12.◦ ano: caracterização e associação

ABSTRACT - Aim: To examine the association between self-reported physical activity and self-reported screen based time. Materials and methods: 969 high school students filled in a questionnaire on physical activity and screen based activities. Correlation analysis between time spent in moderate/vigorous physical activities and time spent in screen based activities were performed. Results: No association was found between physical activity and time spent watching TV, playing or using computers. A low correlation was found between time using mobile phones and time spent performing moderate physical activities (r = 0.09, p < 0.05), and vigorous physical activities (r = 0.13, p < 0.05). Conclusions: These findings suggest that screen time is not displacing physical activity.RESUMO - Objetivos: Explorar a associação entre o nível de atividade física e o uso de dispositivos eletrónicos. Materiais e métodos: Novecentos e sessenta e nove alunos do secundário preencheram um questionário sobre atividade física e uso de dispositivos eletrónicos. Foi realizada uma análise de correlação entre o tempo despendido em atividade física moderada e intensa e o uso de dispositivos eletrónicos. Resultados: Não há correlação entre a atividade física e ver televisão, jogar ou usar computadores. Há uma correlação baixa entre o uso de telemóveis e a atividade física moderada (r = 0,09, p < 0,05) e vigorosa (r = 0,13, p < 0,05). Conclusões: Estes resultados sugerem que o uso de dispositivos eletrónicos não interfere com a prática da atividade física.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Effectiveness of neural mobilization on pain intensity, disability, and physical performance in adults with musculoskeletal pain: a protocol for a systematic review of randomized and quasi-randomized controlled trials and planned meta-analysis

Recent studies show that musculoskeletal conditions contribute significantly to years lived with disability considering the entire global population. Pain and functional disability are the main problems that people with these conditions suffer. Neural mobilization has been shown to be an effective intervention in the treatment of musculoskeletal pain within individual trials, also contributing to improved functionality. Some systematic reviews have been carried out during the last years with the aim of synthesizing the scientific evidence on the use of neural mobilization techniques in the treatment of musculoskeletal disorders. However, they varied a lot in the methodological approaches and, consequently, in the findings and conclusions. Thus, this document is a planned protocol of a comprehensive systematic review with meta-analysis that we intend to carry out to review the scientific literature regarding up-to-date evidence on the use of neural mobilization in the management of people suffering from musculoskeletal pain disorders. The study designs that we will consider as inclusion criteria will be randomized and quasi-randomized clinical trials. The target population will be adults and older adults with musculoskeletal pain. Any controlled trial using any neural mobilization technique as an intervention in one of the trial groups will be included. The main outcomes of interest will be pain, functional status, and physical performance tests (muscle strength, flexibility, and balance). There will be no restrictions on follow-up time or type of setting. The risk of bias of the included studies will be assessed by the RoB 2 tool and the certainty of the evidence will be evaluated using the comprehensive Assessment, Development and Assessment of Assessment Recommendation (GRADE) approach. We intend to present the findings through narrative descriptions and, if possible, through meta-analytic statistics. Trial registration: PROSPERO registration number. CRD42021288387.publishe

Neural gliding versus neural tensioning: effects on heat and cold thresholds, pain thresholds and hand grip strength in asymptomatic individuals

Introduction: Neural mobilization can be performed in a way that facilitates movement through a stretching technique (tensioning) or in a way that maximizes the gliding of peripheral nerves in relation to adjacent structures (gliding). Evidence on how these techniques compare in terms of effects are scarce. The aim of this study is to compare the effects of neural gliding and neural tensioning targeting the median nerve on heat and cold temperature threshold, heat pain threshold, pressure pain thresholds and hand grip strength in asymptomatic participants. Methods: Participants received 4 series of 10 repetitions of either neural gliding (n = 30) or neural tensioning (n = 30) and were assessed for heat and cold temperature threshold, heat pain threshold, pressure pain threshold, and hand grip strength at baseline, immediately after the intervention, and 30 min post-intervention. Results: A significant main interaction between time and intervention was found for the PPT at the forearm (F(2,55) = 5.98; p = 0.004), favouring the tensioning neural mobilization. No significant differences were found for the other variables. Conclusions: Four series of 10 repetitions of neural tensioning targeting the median nerve in asymptomatic subjects seem to be enough to induce hypoalgesia and have no negative effects on A-delta and C mediated sensory function and on hand grip strength production.publishe

Procedures of user-centered usability assessment for digital solutions: scoping review of reviews reporting on digital solutions relevant for older adults

The assessment of usability is a complex process that involves several steps and procedures. It is important to standardize the evaluation and reporting of usability procedures across studies to guide researchers, facilitate comparisons across studies, and promote high-quality usability studies. The first step to standardizing is to have an overview of how usability study procedures are reported across the literature.publishe

Experts evaluation of usability for digital solutions directed at older adults: a scoping review of reviews

Background: it is important to standardize the evaluation and reporting procedures across usability studies to guide researchers, facilitate comparisons, and promote high-quality studies. A first step to standardizing is to have an overview of how experts-based usability evaluation studies are reported across the literature. Objectives: to describe and synthesize the procedures of usability evaluation by experts that are being reported to conduct inspection usability assessments of digital solutions relevant for older adults. Methods: a scoping review of reviews was performed using a five-stage methodology to identify and describe relevant literature published between 2009 and 2020 as follows: i) identification of the research question; ii) identification of relevant studies; iii) select studies for review; iv) charting of data from selected literature; and v) collation, summary, and report of results. The research was conducted on five electronic databases: PubMed, ACM Digital Library, IEEE, Scopus, and Web of Science. The articles that met the inclusion criteria were identified, and data extracted for further analysis, including evaluators, current usability inspection methods, and instruments to support usability inspection methods. Results: a total of 3958 articles were identified. After a detailed screening, 12 reviews matched the eligibility criteria. Conclusion: overall, we found a variety of unstandardized procedures and a lack of detail on some important aspects of the assessment, including a thorough description of the evaluators and of the instruments used to facilitate the inspection evaluation such as heuristics checklists. These findings suggest the need for a consensus framework on the experts’ assessment of usability that informs researchers and allows standardization of procedures.in publicatio

Neural gliding and neural tensioning differently impact flexibility, heat and pressure pain thresholds in asymptomatic subjects: a randomized, parallel and double-blind study

Objective: To compare the effect of neural gliding and tensioning on hamstring flexibility, nerve function (heat and cold thresholds) and pain sensitivity (pain intensity and pressure pain threshold) of the mobilized and non-mobilized lower limbs at post-intervention and 24 h follow up. Design: Randomized, parallel and double blinded trial. Setting/participants: Forty-eight asymptomatic participants. Intervention(s): Participants received neural gliding (n ¼ 23) or tensioning (n ¼ 25). Main Outcome Measures e Straight leg raising (SLR; in degrees), heat and cold threshold (ºC), pressure pain threshold (PPT; in Kgf) and pain intensity (visual analogue scale), taken at baseline, post- intervention and at 24 h follow up. Results: There was a significant interaction between time, intervention and limb for SLR (F2,45 ¼ 3.83; p ¼ 0.029). A significant interaction between time and intervention for PPT (F2,45 ¼ 3.59; p ¼ 0.036) and heat threshold (F2,45 ¼ 5.10; p ¼ 0.01). A significant effect of time (F2,45 ¼ 9.42; p < 0.001) and of limb (F1,46 ¼ 4.78; p ¼ 0.035) for pain intensity during SLR, and a significant effect of time (F2,45 ¼ 3.65; p ¼ 0.034) for pain intensity during PPT. Conclusion: Gliding and tensioning had similar and positive effects for flexibility in the mobilized limb, but tensioning was superior for the non-mobilized limb. Gliding was superior to tensioning for pressure pain and heat thresholds.publishe

Reconfiguration of assembly lines using lean thinking in an electronics components' manufacturer for the automotive industry

This article discusses the reconfiguration and improvement of electronics components assembly lines through the use of Lean Thinking principles. This reconfiguration was undertaken in a project that followed the action-research methodology. There were three main distinct problems related with the outdated assembly lines. The first came from a diagnosis of the assembly line itself, where quality problems and difficulties with compliance with the takt-time were identified, as well as activities that do not added value. The second happened due to an adjustment in demand that requires a reconfiguration of the line and, the third problem, related to the integration in an existing assembly line of a new process for a product pertaining to the same family, forcing the exploitation of synergies in production of these two products. Regarding the improvement proposals, some managed to be implemented in a timely manner, others, despite not having been implemented, their impacts has been predicted. Overall, the level of scrap was reduced by 57% through the implementation of the Lean Six Sigma methodology, and the cycle time of an operation was reduced by 12,5% by eliminating non-value adding operations. Also, gains were obtained by reducing the previous occupation with the project of an assembly line segment dedicated to the new product. With this, a reduction of one employee with the integration of two workstations was achieved.I would like to thank all the company's employees who made this project possible, and for the support given. This work has been supported by FCT - Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia within the R&D Units Project Scope: UIDB/00319/2020

Validation of a Portuguese version of WHODAS 2.0: 12 items in people aged 55 or more

RESUMO - Para avaliar a fiabilidade e validade, em pessoas com 55 ou mais anos, o WHODAS 2.0 de 12 itens foi traduzido e adaptado ao português e foi aplicado por 2 vezes, com um intervalo de 7 dias, em 144 participantes de serviços de apoio comunitário. Os resultados obtidos indicam boa consistência interna ( = 0,86) e excelente reprodutibilidade CCI = 0,77 (IC95% = 0,69-0,83]. Os resultados desta versão do instrumento associam-se com o Índice de Barthel, com a rede de suporte social e discriminam a funcionalidade dos participantes em função da existência duma condição clínica. Esta versão é equivalente à original, é fiável e válida.ABSTRACT - To evaluate the reliability and validity in people aged 55 or more, WHODAS 2.0 - 12 items was translated and adapted into Portuguese. With an interval of seven days, 144 participants from community support services fulfilled WHODAS 2.0 twice. The results show good internal consistency ( = 0.86) and excellent reproducibility ICC = 0.77 [95% CI = 0.69- 0.83]. The results show an association between the Barthel Index and the Lubben Social Network Scale and discriminate the overall functioning of the participants according to the presence or absence of a medical condition. This version is equivalent to the original version, is reliable and valid.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Higher pain intensity, depression, and being 75 Years or Older are associated with lower Levels of self-reported physical activity in older adults with pain attending primary care

Objective: This study investigated whether pain characteristics (intensity, frequency, duration and number of pain sites), depression, age, sex and comorbidities are associated with lower levels of selfreported physical activity in older adults with pain at the primary healthcare setting.Methods: A total of 504 participants aged 60 years of age and over were assessed for: socio-demographics, comorbidities, pain, depression, and physical activity. Associations between these variables were investigated using ordinal logistic regression.Results: Reporting severe pain or worst imaginable pain, being older (≥ 75 years), and feeling depressed were significantly associated with lower physical activity in the univariate (OR = 2.33, 2.93, 2.31, and 2.23, respectively) and multivariate models (Adj OR = 2.21, 2.47, 2.49, and 1.97, respectively).Conclusions: Interventions aiming to increase physical activity for older adults in primary care should consider the needs of those reporting higher pain intensity, feeling depressed and who are 75 years or older

Adaptation and validation of WHODAS 2.0 in patients with musculoskeletal pain

OBJETIVO Validar a versão em português do World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS 2.0). MÉTODOS A versão original de 36 itens do WHODAS 2.0, administrada por entrevista, foi traduzida para o português de acordo com orientações internacionais e testada em nove participantes da população em geral. A versão em português foi administrada em 204 pacientes com patologia musculoesquelética. Foram coletados os dados sociodemográficos e de saúde dos pacientes, assim como o número de locais onde apresentavam dor e sua intensidade. O WHODAS 2.0 foi novamente administrado por um segundo entrevistador, um a três dias após a primeira entrevista, para avaliar a confiabilidade interavaliadores. A validade de constructo foi avaliada quanto a: capacidade do WHODAS 2.0 para diferenciar participantes com diferentes locais com dor e associação entre o WHODAS 2.0 e a intensidade da dor. A consistência interna também foi avaliada. RESULTADOS A versão portuguesa do WHODAS 2.0 teve fácil compreensão, apresentou boa consistência interna (α = 0,84) e confiabilidade interavaliadores (CCI = 0,95). Mostrou ser capaz de detectar diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre indivíduos com diferente número de locais com dor (p < 0,01) e indicar que maior incapacidade está associada à maior intensidade da dor (r = 0,44, p < 0,01), indicando validade de constructo. CONCLUSÕES A versão portuguesa do WHODAS 2.0 mostrou-se confiável e válida quando utilizada em pacientes com dor associada à patologia musculoesquelética.OBJETIVO Validar la versión en portugués del World Health Organisation Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS 2.0). MÉTODOS La versión original con 36 ítems del WHODAS 2.0, administrada por entrevista, fue traducida al portugués de acuerdo con orientaciones internacionales, y evaluada en nueve participantes de la población en general. La versión en portugués fue aplicada en 204 pacientes con patología musculoesquelética. Se colectaron los datos sociodemográficos y de salud de los pacientes, así como el número de lugares donde presentaban dolor y su intensidad. El WHODAS 2.0 fue nuevamente aplicado por un segundo entrevistador, uno a tres días posteriores a la primera entrevista para evaluar la confiabilidad inter-evaluadores. La validez del constructo fue evaluado con relación a: capacidad del WHODAS 2.0 para diferenciar participantes con diferentes lugares con dolor y asociación entre el WHODAS 2.0 y la intensidad del dolor. La consistencia interna también fue evaluada. RESULTADOS La versión en portugués del WHODAS 2.0 fue de fácil comprensión, presentó buena consistencia interna (α= 0,84) y confiabilidad inter evaluadores (CCI=0,95). Mostró ser capaz de detectar diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre individuos con diferente número de lugares con dolor (p˂0,01) e indicar que mayor incapacidad está asociada con la mayor intensidad del dolor (r=0,44, p˂0,01), indicando validez del constructo. CONCLUSIONES la versión en portugués del WHODAS 2.0 se mostró confiable y valida al ser utilizada en pacientes con dolor asociado a la patología musculo esquelética.OBJECTIVE To validate the Portuguese version of the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS 2.0). METHODS The original, 36 item version of the WHODAS 2.0, administered through an interview, was translated into Portuguese following international guidelines and tested on 9 participants from the general population. The Portuguese version was then administered to 204 patients with musculoskeletal pain. The patients’ socio-demographic and health data were collected, as were the number of sites where they were experiencing pain and the intensity of that pain. The WHODAS 2.0 was administered again by a second interviewer within three days to determine its inter-rater reliability. Construct validity was assessed according to the ability of WHODAS 2.0 to discriminate between patients with different numbers of pain sites and the correlation between WHODAS 2.0 scores and pain intensity. Internal consistency was also assessed. RESULTS The Portuguese version of the WHODAS 2.0 is easily understood and has good internal consistency (α = 0.84), as well as, very good inter-rater reliability (ICC = 0.95). In addition, it was able to detect statistically significant differences between patients with different numbers of pain sites (p < 0.01) and showed that higher levels of disability are associated with more intense pain (r = 0.44, p < 0.01), indicating that it has construct validity. CONCLUSIONS The Portuguese version of the WHODAS 2.0 has shown to be reliable and valid when administered to patients with musculoskeletal pain